on Indoor Air Quality
Meeting Notes:
American Lung Association of California
Bay
Area Air Quality Management District
California Air Resources Board / IAQ & Personal Exposure Assessment Program
California Department of Education / School Facility and Planning Division
California Department of Health Service / Environmental Health Investigations Branch
California Department of Health Service / Indoor Air Quality Section
California Department of Health Service / Occupational Health Branch
California Department of Health Service / Radon Program
California Department of Health Service /
Tobacco Control Program
California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA)
California Integrated Waste Management Board / Sustainable Building Program
California Office of Environmental Health
Hazard Assessment (Indoor Air Risk Assessment)
California Department of Toxics Substances
Control (Hazardous Materials Laboratory)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / Indoor Environments Program
San Francisco Department of the Environment
Southern California Environmental Health Sciences/Children's Environmental Health Center
UC
Environmental Health & Safety Program
U.S. EPA Region IX / Indoor Environment Team
U.S. Federal Interagency Committee on IAQ
Death
of noted IAQ researcher, Greg Traynor.
Greg Traynor passed away on
ARB Chairman’s Seminar Series: This seminar series offers a forum on various
air quality topics. On Thursday, August
3, 2006, Mark Mendell, Ph.D., Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, presented on Indoor
Residential Chemical Emissions as Risk Factors for Children’s Respiratory
Health. On September 8th (Friday), Susanne V. Hering, Ph.D. will present on A Low-Cost, Ultra-Fine Particle
Concentration Monitor. See
announcement at http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/seminars/seminars.htm.
In the current session, there are two Assembly Bills that address indoor air quality issues:
Symposium on Persistent,
Bioaccumulative, Toxic Chemicals during the ACS National meeting in
None
AGENCY REPORTS ON CURRENT
IAQ ACTIVITIES
-- Bonnie Holmes-Gen (bhgen@alac.org)
Check their web site (above).
-- Elinor Blake, eblake@igc.org
-- Saffet Tanrikulu, STanrikulu@baaqmd.gov
Check their web site (above).
California Air Resources Board / Indoor Air Quality & Personal
Exposure Assessment Program
http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/indoor/indoor.htm
-- Peggy Jenkins (mjenkins@arb.ca.gov)
May Board Presentation on Ozone
Generator Report. Staff
presented its new test results on ozone generator performance to the Board at
their May meeting (see http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/indoor/ozone.htm).
These devices are so-called “air purifiers” that purposely emit substantial
amounts of ozone. Recent testing by ARB staff of four models of ozone
generators showed all four models can produce room ozone concentrations above
the one-hour state standard of 90 ppb and the FDA standard of 50 ppb for
medical devices. Contact: Tom Phillips, tphillip@arb.ca.gov
Ozone Generator Outreach and Fact Sheet. Our ozone generator outreach program has
started with letters to local
Chairman’s Briefing on Indoor Air and
Formaldehyde ATCM. On July 25,
we briefed our new chairman, Dr. Robert Sawyer from UCB, on indoor air quality,
and Stationary Source Division staff briefed him on the Air Toxics Control
Measure (ATCM) they are developing to limit emissions of formaldehyde from
composite wood products. The briefing
went well, and afforded staff an opportunity to update Dr. Sawyer on the
findings of the AB 1173 report
(http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/indoor/ab1173/ab1173.htm)
to the Legislature on indoor air, as well as on new information on the health
effects of formaldehyde. The ATCM Board
hearing has been postponed to January 2007.
Contact: Peggy Jenkins, mjenkins@arb.ca.gov
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Confirms
Plans for Revising Ozone Emissions Test Protocols for Air Cleaners. Underwriters Laboratories’ project
managers recently confirmed their schedule for revising the UL test protocol
for ozone emissions from electrostatic air cleaners (Section 37 of UL Std. 867)
and combining that standard with UL 507, which currently applies to other air
cleaners. ARB staff are serving on UL’s ad hoc (non-voting) committee for
revising UL Std. 837. UL expects to
forward the proposed minor changes to Std. 867 for review by the full committee
by early August, and the proposal for the fully revised standards by the end of
August. For the new combined standard,
UL is planning to change from a chamber test method that includes measurement
of room air concentrations to an emissions test protocol that measures emissions
in the output stream and requires subsequent modeling to estimate the resulting
room concentrations. Contact: Peggy
Jenkins, mjenkins@arb.ca.gov
New Home Field Study and Acrylonitrile
Monitoring. The summer field
portion of the CEC-ARB sponsored study of ventilation and indoor air quality in
new
Indoor PM Health Effects Study. An ARB-funded study of the potential toxicity
of particulate matter (PM) from indoor sources of PM began in April. UC Davis Professor Fumio Matsumura and
colleagues will use in vitro human cell
models to systematically investigate toxicities of indoor sources of PM, as
well as associated vapor-phase components. UCD will evaluate the following
indoor PM sources for toxicity: 1) cooking, 2) candle burning, 3) incense
burning, 4) firewood burning, and 5) vacuuming. UCD will use human cell lines
consisting of the two main target cell types for PM: macrophages and lung
epithelial cells. This study is designed to develop methods and make a
preliminary assessment of which indoor sources of PM are responsible for the
greatest toxic impact. The resulting toxicity data should help guide future
health effects studies, and help assess the health risk from indoor
sources. Contact: Ralph Propper. rpropper@arb.ca.gov
Johns Manville Formaldehyde-free
Insulation. Representatives from
Johns Manville (JM) briefed ARB staff in May on the status of production and
sales of their formaldehyde-free insulation products. The company has put
together an impressive array of low-emitting products that are enjoying some
solid marketing success. Their formaldehyde-free residential insulation
product, for example, is the exclusive choice of California Home Depots. The JM
representatives indicated that the philosophy of their company changed after
their historical asbestos problem: they now strive to develop products that are
ahead of their time and as environmentally safe as possible. Contact:
Peggy Jenkins, mjenkins@arb.ca.gov
Final Report on Cleaning Products. The indoor use of certain common cleaning
products and air fresheners can cause an increase in indoor concentrations of
gaseous and particulate pollutants. A final report that explored this topic, Indoor Air Chemistry: Cleaning Agents, Ozone
and Toxic Air Contaminants, by Dr. Bill Nazaroff of UC Berkeley, has been
completed and released. Findings
indicate ethylene-based glycol ethers, a toxic air contaminant, were present in
6 of the 21 products tested, at levels ranging from 0.8% to 9.6% by weight.
Twelve of the products tested contained ozone-reactive compounds at levels
ranging from 0.2% to 26% by weight. When cleaning products were used in the
presence of ozone, investigators observed a high degree of reactive chemistry. Measured
reaction products from the terpene-ozone reaction included formaldehyde,
ultrafine particulate matter, and hydroxyl radicals. Levels of formaldehyde and
secondary organic aerosols produced from the reactions were significant when
compared to health-based guidelines. An individual’s proximity to these
pollutants and 2-butoxyethanol in some cleaning products may lead to
unhealthful exposures. The report is available for download at on-line: http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/apr/past/indoor.htm. Contact: Dorothy Shimer, dshiimer@arb.ca.gov
-- Michael O’Neil (MOneill@cde.ca.gov) http://goldmine.cde.ca.gov/facilities/
Check their web site (above).
California Department of Health Service /
Environmental Health Investigations Branch
http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ehib/
-- Sandra McNeel (SMcNeel@dhs.ca.gov)
Asthma
Strategic Plan 2007
The California
Breathing Program (CB) implements asthma awareness programs in several target
populations across the state via the Disparities Mini-Grantee Program. Several of the 2004 and 2005 mini-grantees
have focused on educating different audiences on the link between indoor air
quality and asthma exacerbation.
·
American
Lung Association of
·
La
Clinica de La Raza (2005)
·
Mid-City
Community Advocacy Network (2004) San Diego, CA: Educated asthma advocates who targeted East
African, Southeast Asian, and Latino populations on indoor air quality and
healthier housing and clean neighborhoods by holding local education forums and
community meetings. This program led to
the formation of the successful Healthy Homes project.
·
For more
information on California Breathing’s Disparities Mini-Grants Program, please
contact Bindi Gandhi at 510.620.3605 or bgandhi@dhs.ca.gov
·
Articulate key issues related to
asthma and housing
·
Highlight solutions and strategies
from other regions
·
Begin a dialog among housing
inspectors, code enforcers, asthma experts, and possibly CA apartment owners,
insurance companies, and community members.
·
Determine next steps for action by
identifying gaps and discussing strategies for
In order to reach the above goals, the CAP Steering
Committee decided to conduct two housing and asthma meetings in
·
1st Meeting: Invite
counties/cities/coalitions already working on housing and asthma (teams of
housing inspectors, asthma experts, tenants, etc). At this meeting, we
will share with each other innovative practices and determine common themes.
Potential teams include:
·
2nd Meeting: Conduct a “train the
trainer” strategy session (building on strategies identified in meeting #1) on
how to implement asthma and home inspector programs with other
counties/cities/coalitions interested in developing asthma home inspector
programs.
If anyone from the Interagency Working Group on Indoor
Air Quality would be interested in participating or could tell us about local
housing and asthma efforts, please contact Debbie Shrem at dshrem@dhs.ca.gov or
510.620.3645.
Presentations
Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health (MCAH) Action,
the organization of
--
Collaborative for High Performance
Schools (CHPS). The CHPS Technical
Committee is in the process of revising the 2005 Best Practices Manual Volume
III (Criteria), and it has issued several beta versions for public
comment. DHS-IAQ staff sit on several
sub-committees, as well as chair the IEQ sub-committee. The comment period for the 3rd
Public Review draft extends to August 18th. See http://chps.net/.
IEQ subcommittee: The IEQ subcommittee completed its first review for the December 2005 draft revision, as well as provided responses to public comments and made follow-up changes through July. The key changes in the forthcoming revision include:
o New credit for increased ventilation effectiveness through thermal displacement ventilation;
o Revise credits for Low-emitting Material Selection. It will now employ an expanded list of materials including cabinetry, teacher pupil desks and chairs and composite wood products;
o Require a 14-day flush-out (i.e., 24/7 maximum outdoor air) for all new construction and modernization projects, plus 4-day following touch-up work
o Clarify several HVAC design issues (conformity to Title 24; air intake requirements; provisions for natural ventilation), and source control measures.
The CHPS Policy subcommittee refined the credit for district resolution and provided clarification on what the scope needs to be for a resolution to qualify for the point. In the forthcoming revision, a district must pass a board-level resolution to mandate all new construction projects meet or exceed the CHPS qualifying threshold; all school additions (classrooms and other instructional areas) must incorporate appropriate CHPS best practices; and all modernization projects (i.e. projects that affect the building system-envelope, mechanical system and electrical system) must meet or exceed the CHPS qualifying threshold.
Green Action Team (GAT) Schools
Workgroup. Schools work group is working on a School Tour
event to showcase successful schools that have used CHPS Best Management
Practices and to encourage other schools to take similar actions. The workgroup has drafted an invite list that
includes the Governor and other high profile representatives. The team has selected three schools for the
tour. Communications director Ken Hunt,Green
Team Communications, California Department of General Services is working with
the group to develop media and talking points for the event.
Schools Roundtable. Toni Stein and Deborah Moore (Green Schools Initiative www.greenschools.net)
have been actively organizing a Schools Roundtable focused on improving health
and safety in
o Outreach materials on Health and Safety
issues. The goal is to educate
stakeholders on how to achieve good Health and Safety conditions in existing
and new schools including good IAQ and reducing asthma triggers. These efforts include identifying and
evaluating EXISTING outreach materials that are being used throughout CA by
different agencies, non-profits, school officials, and other stakeholders
through a survey. This work is intended
to assess the effectiveness and find gaps and to identify target audiences for
outreach. The survey results will be
used to establish a new strategy to generate a wave of outreach and
improvements in existing and new schools
o Identifying, improving, repairing and
preventing, health and safety issues in schools. The goal is to help identify H&S
problems in schools. This includes
assisting in the development and promotion of a statewide school inspection
checklist and companion guidance document for identifying and making needed
repairs in schools. Such a tool is
envisioned to help standardize and make the process easy. Presently, the State has an Interim Evaluation Instrument used for
school assessments in allocating state repair funds (http://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/opsc/Forms/Worksheets/IEI.pdf). The work aims to expand upon the IEI and
offer an easy-to-use checklist for Statewide use. This will also be used to identify particular
conditions that cause poor IAQ, asthma triggers, and other health or safety
problems for assessment of "good repair" of
Green Schools Symposium. On
GAT EPP Workgroup. Because the state is engaged in many new
construction and modernization projects and is committed to building LEED
silver projects, we suggested that it would be very beneficial for the
workgroup to seek out and contact the state bodies involved in purchasing of
these materials and coordinate a strategy to provide them with standard EPP
guidance to aid in selection of green building materials such as composite
wood. Some of the constraints of doing
this were discussed. Despite these, Rita
Hamilton, DGS-PD was supportive and open to exploring the suggestion.
The EPP Best
Practices Manual was posted on-line on
Additionally the
CA Gold Carpet Standard also was posted on DGS GAT website, http://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/green/epp/standards.pdf,
and a DGS Management Memo was put in place to implement use of the
standard.
State of
o VOC limits: The new specification moved from specifying
VOC category sums (i.e. aldehydes, aliphatics, etc.) to limits on each of the
individual VOCs identified and quantified by testing. The specification specifies not-to-exceed
concentrations for all of the air contaminants with health-based exposure
limits. The limit for formaldehyde was reduced from 25 ug/m3 down to 16.5 (1/2
the crel). Additionally no first year
allowance to not meet the formaldehyde limit was included. Additionally the new specification
incorporated a provision to meet the LEED
VOC requirements to assure harmony.
o Emission Test Protocols: The 2006 specification moved away from
requiring full workstation emission testing in the large chamber according to
an EPA RTI ETV test protocol to the option to test the primary workstation
components (work surface, panels, and storage units) in small or medium chambers using the CDHS
standard practice, or the BIFMA FES M7 standard test.
o Ventilation Rate: The 2006 IAQ specification was updated to
incorporate the most recent 2005 Title 24 room ventilation rate parameters from
the 1999 values for concentration calculations for meeting the limits.
o Component disclosure: The 2006 IAQ specification required all
bidders to disclose the materials and processes used in the offered product
line. This was not required in 2000.
o Data submission requirements: In 2000
all bidder were required to report the identified chemicals of concern, the
2006 bid requires bidders to provide proof that they comply with the LEED
requirements and only the awardee to provide compliance proof for the
individual VOCs.
o Laboratory reporting: Companion to the 2006 specification a
standardized automated electronic worksheet was distributed and required for
reporting. The worksheets required input
of laboratory measured chamber emissions and automatically calculated the
resulting room concentrations for comparison to the cRELs.
After the initial
bid was released, bidder questions were received by DGS; CDHS responded to ten IAQ questions. Clarification was provided to explain that
the specification gives bidders flexibility to use a variety of testing
options. It was clarified that any of
the following testing protocols were acceptable testing methods for obtaining
the US GBC LEED criteria: BIFMA M7.1 2005 test protocol, California DHS
Standard Practice, Environmental Technology Verification Test Protocol,
Greenguard testing, or Indoor Advantage testing. Furthermore, it was clarified that Greenguard
testing could be used as an option to show compliance to the California VOC
acceptance criteria. Clarification was
made to documents showing that the offered workstations are certified as
meeting “EQ Credit 4.5 Low-Emitting Materials, Systems Furniture and Seating”
under US GBC LEED CI were required at the time of bid submittal. The acceptance criteria and quality assurance
provisions were amended to delete pre-delivery airing-out. The bid due date has been extended several
times, and currently the due date is August 16th.
To begin developing a roadmap for harmonizing the
development, testing and certification of green building products
o A
collective vision of what harmonization will look like in 5 years
o Articulation
of the critical issues/questions that stakeholders must pursue to achieve that vision
o Identification
of the specific steps that stakeholders will take to pursue these issues
A presentation on related
CRI Adhesives Test Program. Toni and Jed met with Frank Hurd (CRI) to
discus issues surrounding the CRI Adhesives Testing Program relative to the
current California 01350 Standard Practice.
Evaluation of their program for conformity to our Standard was started
and indicates that their test program uses the same maximum allowable exposure
limits as the CA 01350. However,
further evaluation has been continued until September when their program’s
detailed test protocol will be reviewed and evaluated for further
discussion. CRI has agreed to compile
and send their test protocol documentation prior. This work complements DHS’s efforts on “wet
products” testing, i.e.,. defining a test protocol tailored to wet products addressing
both long term emissions as well as short term (“drying off” period) emissions.
BIFMA Sustainability Standard. Toni is on the Ecosystems and Human Health
Subcommittee and helping to develop a Target list specific to the Furniture
industry, and issues of verification for their low-emission credits. BIFMA will be transitioning this standard
development to NSF, and balloting may occur around April 2007.
Harmonization with Greenguard
Environmental Institute. Greengaurd has asked CDHS, CARB, and
OEHHA to consider adopting an MOU to establish equivalency of GEI’s Standard for Children & Schools certification
to the CDHS standard practice used for the CHPS criteria.
Technical Assistance to ARB on Composite
Wood Rulemaking. DHS-IAQ is
providing guidance and technical support to ARB related to formaldehyde
emissions testing of composite wood products.
ARB staff from its Stationary Source Division (Jim Aguila and Lyn Baker)
and Monitoring Lab Division (Mike Poore and Russell Grace) and the Enforcement
Division (Chuck Beddow, Elizabeth Miller, R.C. Smith, and John Oback) visited
the DHS-IAQ laboratory to view our large chamber and laboratory
facilities.
DHS IAQ website. We recently updated our web pages on Indoor
Mold with links to the latest guidance.
In addition, we posted a Spanish translation of the current version
“Mold in My Home: What Do I Do?” (in
Spanish: ¿Moho
en mi casa: que hago?).
See
http://www.cal-iaq.org/cal-iaq%20mold%20in%20your%20home.htm
Janitorial Products. The State of
Building Security. Rich Sextro of LBNL visited the CDHS Richmond Campus to demonstrate LBNL’s “Building Vulnerability Assessment & Mitigation Program (BVAMP). The tool is very useful for preparation for shelter in place.
http://securebuildings.lbl.gov/BVAMP.html
Pilot Study on Cleaning
Product Exposures Associated with Asthma in Health Care Settings. We
are collaborating with the Occupational Health Branch (Jennifer Flattery) on a
pilot study to characterize exposures in health care settings from selected
janitorial products containing chemicals associated with asthma. We plan to partner with several large health
care facilities to conduct a 3-month pilot project to measure general
cleaning/janitorial product exposures associated with asthma. The purpose of
the project is to better understand chemical exposures in the workplace so that
prevention strategies can be developed. Also helping on the project is Weldon
Hall (chemist) and XimenaVeraga (IH).
Tire Derived Flooring Study.
Laboratory analyses for all materials tested have finally been completed. The schedule is that our Final Report (draft)
will be updated and sent in mid-August for review by the project’s Advisory
Group. Then the report will go out for
public review in October. We anticipate
finalizing the report by December 2006.
NIOSH Novel Personal
Bioaerosol Sampler
Commissioning the DHS-IAQ
Environmental Chamber.
California Department of Health Service / Occupational Health Branch
-- Liz Katz (Ekatz@dhs.ca.gov) http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ohb/
Molds in
Indoor Workplaces – HESIS Fact Sheet
Translation into Spanish
Emerging
Nanotechnology Hazards to Workers And The Environment
California Department of Health Service / Radon Program
-- George Faggella (GFaggell@dhs.ca.gov) http://www.dhs.ca.gov/radon/
Check their web site (above).
California Department of
Health Service / Tobacco Control Section
Joanne Wellman-Benson, RDH, MPH (jwellman@dhs.ca.gov) http://www.dhs.ca.gov/TCS
Smoke-free Multi-unit Housing. A campaign to move forward the issue of smoke-free multi-unit housing was initiated in September, 2005. Representatives of TCS-funded agencies who are working in this area met for a one-day meeting to develop objectives and activities. The workplan’s goal is to get ten communities to adopt laws that would require new and existing multi-unit rental housing to designate a percent of units as non-smoking by 2010. The provisions would include smoke-free indoor and outdoor common areas, balconies and/or patios, landlord disclosure, and declaring secondhand smoke a nuisance. Workplan activities include the development and/or modification of fact sheets, brochures and power point presentations for tenants and owners/managers, radio/tv, and print ads for the general population and apartment industry professionals, tool kit, model smoke-free multi-unit housing ordinance, incentives for developers to adopt smoke-free housing through insurance, taxes, etc., establish relationships with state housing agencies, and evaluation/surveillance activities which wou